AP Review Worksheet

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AP Review Worksheet –

1.“Canon law” is a term that applies to

1. military recruitment
2. b diplomatic negotiations
3. civil suits
4. ecclesiastical affairs
5. jury selection

2. History, moral philosophy, and eloquence were described by Renaissance writers as

a. topics to be avoided at all costs in dinner table conversation

b. necessary skills for all educated women

c. the liberal arts

d. scholastic precepts

e. the foundation of good theology

3. The most important innovation in warfare in the 14^th and 15^th centuries was the

a. crossbow

b. Greek fire

c. siege cannon

d. cavalry

e. barbed wire

Humanism – liberal and secular learning, recovery and stuffy of the Classical texts

Individualism – “man is the measure of all things” – focus on personal achievement

Virtu’- reaching for perfection, fully developed mind and body, shape own destiny

Dante – vernacular literature - Divine Comedy

Petrarch- father of humanism – coexistence of Classical and Christian values

Da Vinci – universal man, art, science – “Mona Lisa”

Michaelangelo – glorification of human body “Sistine Chapel”

Raphael – “School of Athens” in the Vatican

Machiavelli – author of the Prince – a guide to politics

4. The Peace of Augsburg (1555) represented the end of Emperor Charles V’s hopes to

a. defeat the Turks in Hungary

b. contain French aggression in the Rhineland

c. force Henry VIII to marry his sister

d. restore Catholicism in all parts of Germany

e. regain his title as Holy Roman Emperor

5. Among Martin Luther’s most important beliefs were all of the following EXCEPT

a. justification by faith

b. authority of scripture

c. priesthood of the believer

d. denunciation of indulgences

e. the seven sacraments

6. Calvinism became an influential force in all of the following countries EXCEPT

a. Spain

b. Scotland

c. the Netherlands

d. France

e. Switzerland

Diet of the Worms – Luther called to defend himself, put under imperial ban

Peasants War – Luther supports princes when they suppress social and economic uprising

Peace of Augsburg – cuius region, eius religio (he who rules, his will be the religion) – excludes Calvinists and Anabaptists, victory to the Lutherans

Jan Hus – Bohemian reformer, burned at stake

Martin Luther – led the reformation

Charles V – Holy Roman Emperor – also ruler of Spain, the low countries, Austria, Bohemia, part of Italy and an empire in the Americas – leader of Catholic party –

Ignatius Loyola – found Jesuit order

7. Which of the following was NOT a food brought to Europe from the New World in the 16^th century

a. potato

b. chocolate

c. tomato

d. chili peppers

e. apples

8. The Peace of Westphalia concluded in 1648 accomplished which of the following?

a. brought an end to the major wars of religion

b. gave Spain to France

c. eliminated Holland from the map of Europe

d. made Britain the dominant power in Europe

e. dissolved the Holy Roman Empire

9. During the 17^th century Russian landowners

a. were completely exterminated as a class by the Tsar

b. fled en masse to Germany

c. held no power in the state

d. enserfed the peasantry

e. assassinated Tsar Peter the Great

Thirty Years War – 1618-1648 – religious and national conflict in Bohemia – turned into civil war in Germany – France, Denmark and Sweden play a role –

Dias – rounded Cape of Good Hope

Treaty of Tordesillas – divided the world between Spain and Portugal brokered by Pope

Jamestown – settlement 1607

Mayflower – voyage in 1621

Commercial revolution – changes in investment and production – rise of domestic system

10. King Charles I of England was executed by order of Parliament in 1649 because he

a. had become a Roman Catholic

b. went back on promises previously made

c. tried to assassinate Oliver Cromwell

d. made an alliance with Spain

e. pursued an unsuccessful colonial policy

11. Mercantilist economic policies can best be described as

a. a “bullionist” approach to building self-sufficiency

b. laissez-faire

c. avoidance of imperial responsibilities

d. leaving everything up to the actions of individual merchants

e. hostile to innovation

12. The English society known as the Quakers, founded in the mid-17^th century were

a. political revolutionaries

b. pacifists

c. millenarians

d. competitors with the East India Company

e. sufferers from palsy

13. The decisive battle by which the British won Canada from the French was fought at

a. Trafalgar

b. Plassey

c. Quebec

d. Yorktown

e. Waterloo

14. During the 18^th century landowning aristocrats exercised the greatest political influence in

a. Russia

b. Italy

c. Spain

d. Prussia

e. Poland

15. In Prussia during the 18^th century which of the following was the only class permitted to own most agricultural land?

a. nobles

b. bourgeoisie

c. peasants

d. serfs

e. artisans

16. The British House of Commons in the 18^th century was - an elective chamber composed largely of landowners

17. Which country was not engaged in trade in the East Indies country during the 18^th century –

Germany

18. The most profitable commodity traded across the Atlantic Ocean during the 18^th century was – slaves

19. During the 18^th century, Russian serfs were – at the mercy of their owners and could be bought and sold like slaves

20. The Royal Society was founded in 1662 by – King Charles II – to - improve scientific knowledge

Cervantes – Don Quixote

Milton – Paradise Lost

Hobbes – man is base and materialistic – life brutish and short – to preserve order accept the will of a strong central authority – Leviathan

Locke – man is a blank slate – purpose of gov. is to cultivated human goodness – life, liberty, property

21. “Cogito ergo sum” - I think therefore I am – basis of a new approach to scientific thinking developed by – Descartes

22. John Milton’s Areopagitica, published in 1644, was - an argument for religious toleration

Maria Theresa – empress of Austria – devout Catholic – fails to regain Silesia

Frederick (II) the Great – King of Prussia – starts the War of Austrian Succession

23. Voltaire was most outspoken and vehement in his denunciation of - modern science

24. John Locke and his two Treatises of Government argued that the chief goal of a system of government ought to be - the protection of property

25. The Russian nobility regained power lost under Peter the Great when Catherine the Great was forced to turn to them for help during - Pugachev’s rebellion

26. The Classical economist and demographer, Thomas Robert Malthus, argued that - population inevitably outpaced agricultural production